Emotional relationship Essay Example for Free

Emotional relationship Essay In this essay I will be looking at two theories of attachment, an intense emotional relationship enduring over time and in which prolonged separation is accompanied by stress and sorrow (Kagan et al 1982). I will also attempt to evaluate the statement from Bowlby 58, where he says that Mother love in infancy is as important for mental health as are vitamins and protein for physical health. The two attachment theories I will be looking at are Bowlbys 1953 Monotrophy Theory and Freuds Psychoanalytical Theory. Bowlby initially argued that attachment is an adaptive behaviour due to the human instinct to survive. Infants are born with a predisposition to survive and therefore have to form an attachment in order to gain food, warmth and protection etc. In order for this interaction to take place, the infant is born with Innate Social Releasers that prompt care-giving from the parent through releasers such as crying and cooing etc. Infants also need to form attachments in order to have a secure base from which to explore the world around them. This can be seen in securely attached infants, who are happy to explore an unfamiliar room, as long as the person with whom they have their primary bond is present (Strange Situation- Ainsworth and Bell 1970). Bowlby described this primary bond as Monotrophy, meaning turning towards one person. He recognised that this bond doesnt always form with the biological mother, just the primary care giver. Adults also have a predisposition to care and be responsive to their offspring, as the survival of the infant into adulthood ensures the continuation of their genetic line. Therefore the have an innate response to the infants social releasers. Bowlby suggested that infants have a Critical Period, up to 2 1/2 years, for attachments to form. If attachments were not made by this age, it would not be possible for the child to form any attachment and the child would suffer long-term, permanent emotional damage, particularly in the formation of lasting adult relationships. This is due to the Internal Working Model according to Bowlby and later by Bretherton and Waters (1985) who said that secure children have developed a positive working model of themselves, based on their feelings of security derived from having a sensitive, emotionally responsive and supportive primary care-giver. It is therefore said that avoidant children have a rejecting, unresponsive caregiver, resulting in a negative working model of themselves. He also developed the Maternal Deprivation Hypothesis, where he claimed that infants who were unable to develop attachments would grow up having problems with relationships and have a higher chance of behavioural disorders. This hypothesis was supported by other psychologists such as Spitz and Wolf (1946) and Robertson and Robertson (1971). An alternative theory of attachment is the Psychosexual theory put forward by Freud. He said there are five stages of development a child goes through: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital. The stage that deals with attachment is the oral stage, which occurs from birth to about 18 months. Freud thought that during this time the infant is driven by the Pleasure Principle. This is caused by the development of the Id, the first component of the personality to develop. The Id demands instant gratification and in the oral stage, gratification comes through the mouth. The drive for oral satisfaction is vital at this age as the attention is focused on food and thus, survival. There are three parts to this stage of development: the drive for oral gratification that results in an uncomfortable feeling, so the infant cries. He is then fed, and the drive is reduced and the uncomfortable feeling, hunger, is gone. This is experienced as pleasure. Therefore the attachment is made with the person who offers the gratification and pleasure. Although at first glance, the two theories are very different, when analysed, similarities can be drawn. They both suggest stages the infant must go through in order to develop into a stable adult. Bowlby says that no infantile attachment leads to problems in adult relationships and Freud says that an unsuccessful transition through any of the five stages will result in regression in later life, for example a child with an oral fixation will suck his thumb, chew pen tops and in later life smoke. Both of these points are true to a certain degree, as there as been countless studies about children who have had maternal deprivation in early infancy and grown up into maladjusted adults. However it is difficult to be able to pinpoint exactly what is the cause of an adults maladjusted behaviour as there may be numerous reasons, which cannot be reduced to maternal deprivation alone. One major difference between these theories is that while Bowlby recognises that the primary bond doesnt have to be with the mother, Freuds theory is dependant on the mother or wet nurse. This could lead to implications when trying to apply Freuds theory today, as many infants are not breast-fed at all. Bowlbys theory was very well received in the UK when it was published, as it came just after the second world war, when women were being encouraged to go back to the home and their children, so the men could return to the jobs in the factories etc. His theory gave the government something by which to almost force the women home, as the threat of a maladjusted child, due to your absence, was more than most women wanted to deal with. It was also one of the most important and influential pieces of psychological work of that century.

The Turkish Pogrom of 1955 and the Elimination of the Greek Minority of

This work is trying to investigate the Turkish Pogrom of September 6-7, 1955 and its impact on the Greek minority of Istanbul. I emphasized the case study approach, because I was focusing on a particular ethnic minority. The methodology that applied for this study had been chosen in order to obtain information about the economic and social ramifications of the events of September 6-7, 1955 on the Greek minority of Istanbul and the role of the Turkish Government and the Turkish Intelligence Service in planning, organizing and carrying out the Pogrom. For the end of my research, and in order to achieve the objectives the data was collected from primary and secondary sources. I used descriptive statistics in order to determine the effect of destruction in economic and social life of the Greek minority. Also, I cited some testimonies and interviews from people who lived through these events. This research shows the enormous economic and social ramifications of the Turkish pogrom on the G reek minority of Istanbul and the Ecumenical Patriarchate. At the same time, illustrates the Turkish policy of compensation for the victims of Pogrom that marked the end of the existence of the Greek Orthodox community in Istanbul and its migration in Greece and abroad. Finally, this work demonstrates that the Turkish elites and the Turkish Intelligence Service in cooperation with the police, the Turkish Press and the nationalist organizations were responsible for planning, organizing and carrying the Pogrom. Introduction The incidents of September 1955 have not been subject to strict political analysis in both Greece and Turkey. The aim of this work is to integrate the Turkish Pogrom of 6-7 September 1955 and the destruction of the Greek mino... ...ion testimonies and interviews from people who lived through these events. At the same time, I am going to analyze the Turkish policy of compensation for the victims of Pogrom and the response of the Greek Government. This is an extremely important issue due to the fact that marked the end of the existence of the Greek Orthodox community in Istanbul and the beginning of its repatriation in Greece also its migration to other countries in the world. Finally, in the last part I am going to investigate the role of the Turkish Government and the Turkish Intelligence Service (MIT) in planning, organizing and carrying out the Pogrom, in cooperation with the police, the Turkish Press and the nationalist organizations. Although it is important to understand the historical significance of this event will use this narrative to support the political significance of the event.

Definition essay: Trust Essay

Definition Essay: Trust What is trust? The dictionary meaning of trust is a firm belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of someone or something. The second meaning is, confidence placed in a person by making that person the nominal owner of property to be held or used for the benefit of one or more others. But what can we really define as trust? In this paper, I will discuss how trust is used every day in different situations, how we deal with trust in various relationships, and how we as individuals practice trust within ourselves. There are many different kinds of examples of trust. Some include, trust in your family, trust in your friends, and trust in someone special to you. An example of trust in your family is trusting your mom to pick you up from school when you we’re a codependent child, or trusting your older brother or older sister to have your back when someone picks on you at school. Trust in family also includes trusting your parents to provide for you in all aspects, making you feel like a secure and stable child. Trust goes as far as friendships. You want friends who you can count on, tell your deepest secrets too, and be able to confide in everything with. As a child I had two best friends who meant the world to me and who I felt I can tell anything too. These girls we’re both my next-door neighbors who I have known now for thirteen years. As a child, you make a variety of friends and every new friend you make you can call your best friend because there is innocence and excitement there when having someone new come into your life. Part of growing up is realizing who your true friends are. Who your life-long friends will be and eventually never relate to those temporary friends you made again. Another example, high school is a time where you can make so many friends before you head off to college. In high school you might face drama that could cause you to lose trust in someone you thought would always have your trust. That is when you realize that in times of trouble and disappointment, the friends that have known you for many years will always be there to comfort you. We put our trust in people that we have turned our backs on to take us back once again when we need them, even if we do not deserve that type of treatment. Trust comes and goes and you experience that in many relationships, but we as people have to learn not to hold someone up  on a pedestal and accept whatever flaws and baggage that anyone has, because we ourselves carry some of those things as well. When it comes to a relationship with someone you are dating, trust is an essential element to have. When you meet someone for the first time, you can trust them because you haven’t experienced something that tests the trust between you both. When getting into a serious relationship, you experience the good times and the bad times. When the tough times come, you want to be able to confide in that special person to help you through it and lift you up when you are feeling down. Trust comes and goes as you get to know someone and grow closer and closer into a relationship with them. As easy as it is to trust someone, it is easier to lose it. Owners of companies, managers, chief executive officers; these are people that employees apart of a company put their trust in every day. The top head of any company or business is looked upon as a leader and a trustworthy peer who you put your trust in to lead your business or company to success. As a person working under someone who is owner and chief of a business it is also my part to help the business grow and work hard to bring success into the business as well. Therefore, the top head of any company puts trust in his or her employees to get the job as well. Putting trust in God is another example of trust. This is a type of trust that is very complex. Non-believers do not seem to understand how we can put our trust into someone we cannot see. With faith comes trust, and as we grow in our faith, trusting comes a lot easier every day. We put our trust in the Bible and trust that everything that is said in it is true. This is a form of trust that is different than trusting people who you have earthly relationships with. We often confide in different passages and scriptures in the Bible to see examples of how we should trust God. One example of trust in the Bible is the story of Joseph. Joseph was sold into slavery by his own brothers, who he trusted, and became sold to Potiphar, the official in Pharaohs household. After being thrown into prison by Potiphar for being accused for raping Potiphar’s wife, he worked hard and became in charge of the prisoners. Pharaoh then had a dream, and the dream could only be interpreted by Joseph because God blessed him with that gift. After interpreting the dream, he became in charge of all of Egypt under pharaohs command. Joseph’s brothers traveled to Egypt to buy food, and there he revealed himself to his brothers and they apologized to him for  what they did to him. Josephs forgave them and sent for his father Jacob and the rest of his people. Then they all came to Egypt and settled in a land pharaoh gave them. Joseph had saved the twelve tribes of Israel, Gods chosen people. Joseph trusted God no matter how bad the situation became. This is an example of how we as Christians put faith first and learn to trust God through these stories of how he reveals himself faithfully. The last type of trust I want to talk about is self-trust. We as people believe the lies we tell ourselves of not being able to do certain things. When we learn to trust ourselves and our capabilities we can go above and beyond our expectations. That is a type of trust that we learn to accept as we go through tough times and seek for inward confidence. Believing and being able to trust yourself in every situation is the k ey to a life of prosperity. Trusting yourself could be good or bad in some cases. Trusting yourself could be bad if you know what your weaknesses are or how strong your will-power is. For example, if you have to be somewhere at a specific time, and you say to yourself, â€Å"I have 30 minutes, I’ll be fine† but in reality you know by just knowing yourself that you should’ve been on the way a long time ago, could be used as a poorly self-trusting act. Trusting yourself in situations where you could make a big mistake by doing something you’re not supposed to and walking away from a problem, is an example of a good use of self-trust. To bring my essay to a close, I would like to end with my conclusion of the definition of trust as an essential asset in any significant relationship you face in order to help it grow. Trust is a form of a test in how we evaluate individuals and determine who we can confide in. Lastly, trust in one-self is important for our well-being as humans and exploring and realizing all our capabilities and possibilitie s in life. I would like to end my paper with a quote from Corrie ten Boom that says, â€Å"Never be afraid to trust an unknown future to a known God.† I hope you enjoyed reading my paper and took away with you a deeper understanding of what trust is.

Review Of The Little Kids - 1478 Words

The Little Kids Robert and Bessie’s little kids, Teck and Vern, attended the same college where they each studied for and obtained teaching degrees. Mindful of the need to earn money for tuition during the summer months, Vern, Teck, and Bonnie, a college friend of theirs, journeyed to Minneapolis, where they could apply for summer work at Glacier National Park. They received an interview from a park representative that just happened to be an alumnus of their college. The representative hired the three coeds for a job at which they would each earn $17.35 in a two-week pay period as laundresses. Delighted by the prospect of working at Glacier National Park, they accepted the job offer and reported to work as scheduled. While at Glacier, the three collegians earned additional money by volunteering to work extra hours as substitute waitresses, a job at which they obtained a good share of their compensation through tips. On one occasion, while serving three elderly ladies, Vern spilled most of their soup on the way to the table. Since she considered elderly ladies poor tippers, she didn’t bother to replenish the soup and served them the partially filled bowls. She regretted her misdeed when each of the ladies left her a quarter, huge tips in that era. During their time off from the laundry, if they couldn’t obtain work as waitresses, the three coeds hitchhiked around the park to view and marvel at nature’s wonders. At the conclusion of the summer, they hoped to saveShow MoreRelatedFoster Care and Its Effects Essay1283 Words   |  6 Pagesup in the foster care system year after year. Their hardships influence them to feel really depressed and stoic. Many people do not read a utobiographies, but the book, Three Little Words by Ashley Rhodes-Courter teaches people about the complications of a first-hand foster child, how the foster care system is, and book reviews of famous authors and well-known magazines, as well. The story gives hope to people who believe there is no way out anymore, and it influences upon the world’s culture greatlyRead MoreEssay about Social-Psychological Principles of the Movie Unforgiven1333 Words   |  6 Pagespsychologically analyze them. There are many different principles that would be applicable to the film we are discussing however, I have chosen to analyze three scenes discussing altruism, self-fulfilling prophecy, and counterfactual thinking. Please review the following scenes and analysis from the movie Unforgiven: Scene * The first scene is the opening scene when a man was upstairs in the saloon/brothel with a prostitute – Delilah, who did not want to have sex with the man she was in the roomRead MoreWhat Are Qualities Of A Good Person?948 Words   |  4 PagesEngineer. ANRAMS A fictional story about a girl named Rosie who embraces her creativity and imagination. Throughout the story Rosie learns not to give up and to be proud of her accomplishments. Age Range: 5-7 The School Library Journal left the review; â€Å"the story will no doubt inspire conversations with children about the benefits of failure and the pursuit of dreams.† Brown, P. (2014). My Teacher Is a Monster! (No, I Am Not). PUBLISHER A fictional story about a young boy who is judgmentalRead MoreThe Importance Of Photographic Memory1212 Words   |  5 Pagesmuch archived instances of such noteworthy review, for example, S, the subject of Lurias The Mind of a Mnemonist, who could remember anything from the books on Lurias office racks to complex math recipes, and Elizabeth, a lady who could rationally extend pictures made out of thousands of little specks onto a clear canvas. Both could likewise repeat verse in dialects they couldnt comprehend a very long time in the wake of seeing it composed. Such review appears just as it may be corresponded toRead MoreMarketing And Children Essay1620 Words   |  7 PagesKelloggs website Fun-K-Town. The site is devoted solely to kids and their favorite breakfast brands through the use of games. The site is looked at in depth below. Section 1: Marketing or Entertainment You might think a lot of money goes into putting together a website such as this, especially with a decent selection of games. The truth though, is that these games cost less than more traditional forms of advertising (Linn 2005) and kids are spending more time on the web these days, so it onlyRead MoreBest Swing Sets For Toddlers1526 Words   |  7 PagesGoal: Review Post Word count in this document: 1513 Title: best swing sets for toddlers Every child wants a swing set in his or her own backyard, no matter what age he or she is. Going to the playground is fun, but it s not the same thing as having swings in your own backyard. Your children will great memories of their childhoods if they have their own swing set in the backyard. If you re looking for a great swing set for your kids to play on, we ve got some great ones for you to chooseRead MoreFilm Review: Shrek1061 Words   |  4 PagesShrek, a Movie for both Kids and Adults Cartoons are generally intended for children. There are adult cartoons but most of the animated movies are directed at kids because they make it easy to produce fantasies and make heroes children can associate themselves with. Latest developments in graphics and cinematic technology, however, can turn cartoons into real-like images. A good example of a film that displays this technology is Disneys Shrek (2001). Shrek is a cartoon but its makers used latestRead MoreFlash Fiction Analysis790 Words   |  4 PagesFiction† asked themselves the question, â€Å"How short can a story be and still truly be a story?† (11). With this in mind, they settled on a maximum word count of 750, with a minimum of 250. They debated keeping it as â€Å"one story to a page, just a little book of little stories,† but soon realized that, without the turn of a page during a story, the reader is easily bored (13). Instead, they allowed the stories to begin and end naturally in the bookâ €™s layout. â€Å"Pumpkins† is a complicated story by FrancineRead MoreThe Importance Of A Time For A Persons Day1338 Words   |  6 Pagesactivities. Do not forget to review the chart after completion; this is very crucial. This time chart lays out a step-by-step approach to the day. It also helps to remind me how long I have to complete a task before having to move on to something else. It keeps me from forgetting an important meeting at school, reminds me of an upcoming doctor’s appointment, or guards me from missing important deadlines for homework. This time chart is very useful. The next step I take is to review my to-do list and prioritizeRead MoreAmerican Journalist, Editor For News Of The New York Times962 Words   |  4 PagesWithout a strict code deterring film makers from the subject of unwed motherhood, it is still tread lightly upon in current times due to society’s cultural idea that â€Å"it doesn’t work so well† (thesis). Through viewings of several movies and literature reviews of film critics writings on the topic, she discovers the stage of the immorality of unwed motherhood played out over the years (method/arguments). As an avid movie watcher, I have to agree with Chira’s perception of unwed mothers being portrayed as